Wemos Automation - ESP8266 MQTT Controller

Firmware for Wemos D1 mini / NodeMCU V3 Control relays, PWM, blinds, shutters, and read sensors via MQTT.

---

Quick Start

Hardware Needed

• Wemos D1 mini (or NodeMCU V3)
• USB cable or 5V power supply
• Optional: Relay module, DHT22, DS18B20, buttons, Somfy blinds motor

1. Flash Firmware

# Arduino IDE:
# 1. Add board URL: http://arduino.esp8266.com/stable/package_esp8266com_index.json
# 2. Install "ESP8266 by ESP8266 Community" (v3.0.2+)
# 3. Board: "Wemos D1 R1" or "NodeMCU 1.0"
# 4. Install libraries: OneWire, DallasTemperature, DHT, PubSubClient
# 5. Open wemos_automation.ino -> Upload

2. Power On

• Connect USB or 5V to VU pin
• Device creates WiFi AP: ESP8266_hjhome (pass: pass1234)
• Or connects to hjhome / pass1234 if available

3. Configure via MQTT (or Web UI)

Default MQTT broker: 192.168.0.10

# Change device name
mosquitto_pub -t 'wemos/in/name' -m 'livingroom'

# Change WiFi
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/ssid' -m 'MyWiFi'
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/pass' -m 'MyPassword'

# Change MQTT broker
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/mqtt' -m '192.168.1.50'

4. Verify

# Subscribe to all status
mosquitto_sub -t 'livingroom/out/#' -v

# Should see: livingroom/out/start start

---

Pinout Reference

Pin	GPIO	Default Function	Alt: Blinds	Alt: Buttons	Alt: Shutters
D3	0	Button (Flash)	-	-	-
D4	2	Button	-	-	-
D2	4	DHT22 Temp/Hum	-	-	-
D1	5	DS18B20 Temp	-	-	-
D6	12	PWM / LED	Somfy TX	Button	-
D7	13	PWM / LED	Somfy TX	Button	-
D5	14	Relay 1	-	-	Shutter UP
D0	16	Relay 2	-	-	Shutter DOWN
A0	-	Analog 0-1023	-	Button*	-
A0	-	NTC 10k (term=3)	-	-	-

*Analog button only when sensor=0 *NTC: 10k thermistor + pull-down, ~15-35°C range

---

Operating Modes (Pick One per Group)

Group	Modes	Description
GPIO12/13	blinds OR buttons OR pid	Somfy blinds OR 2 extra buttons OR PID control
GPIO14/16	shutters OR term	Shutter motor OR Thermal protection (term=1/2/3)
Sensors	period + sensor + ntc	Periodic temp/hum + analog + NTC
Network	default OR apmode	Use saved WiFi OR create AP

Enable via MQTT:

mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/blinds' -m '1'    # Somfy mode
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/buttons' -m '1'   # Button mode
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/shutters' -m '1'  # Shutter mode
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/term' -m '1'      # Thermal protect: DS18B20
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/term' -m '2'      # Thermal protect: DHT22
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/term' -m '3'      # Thermal protect: NTC (requires ntc=1)

---

MQTT API

Topic Format

• Inbound (you -> device): /name/in/command
• Outbound (device -> you): /name/out/status

Commands (Publish to /name/in/...)

Command	Payload	Example
echo	any	Echo test
reboot	(empty)	Restart device
name	new name (1-19 chars)	livingroom
ssid	WiFi name (1-19 chars)	MyWiFi
pass	WiFi password (1-19 chars)	MyPass123
mqtt	Broker IP	192.168.1.50
default	0 or 1	Use hardcoded defaults
apmode	0 or 1	Create AP hotspot
state	0 or 1	Save outputs on power loss
period	0 or 1	Auto-publish sensors
http	0 or 1	Enable web UI
blinds	0 or 1	Enable Somfy (D6/D7)
buttons	0 or 1	Enable buttons (D6/D7)
shutters	0 or 1	Enable shutters (D5/D0)
revers	0 or 1	Invert relay logic
term	0-3	Thermal protection (1=DS18B20, 2=DHT, 3=NTC)
min	0-99	Antifreeze setpoint (default 11)
max	0-99	Overheat setpoint (default 33)
ntc	0 or 1	Enable NTC 10k on A0
count	0 or 1	Pulse counter (D3/D4)
gap	0-255	Sensor interval multiplier
sensor	0 or 1	Publish analog A0
pid_mode	0-5	Enable PID (0=off, 1=DS18, 2=DHT, 3=NTC, 4=An, 5=MQTT)
pid_rev	0 or 1	Invert PID acting
pid_ku	1-255	Ultimate gain (ku/10)
pid_tu	0-255	Ultimate period (sec)
pid_set	-99..111	Target temperature
pid_input	-255..255	External MQTT setpoint
value0-3	number	Set pulse counters
pwm12	0-255	D6 brightness
pwm13	0-255	D7 brightness
rele14	0/1/ON/OFF	Relay 1 (D5)
rele16	0/1/ON/OFF	Relay 2 (D0)
somfy11	0-255	Blind position (seconds)
shut15	0-255	Shutter position (seconds)
_tmp4	-99..99	Simulate DHT temp
_hum4	0-100	Simulate DHT humidity
_temp5	-99..99	Simulate DS18B20 temp

Status Topics (Subscribe to /name/out/...)

Topic	Payload	When
start	start / disconnect	MQTT connect / Last Will
bt0,bt2,bt12,bt13,bt17	0=release 1=short 2=long	Button press
value0-3	counter value	Pulse detected
temp4	degC	DHT temperature
hum4	%	DHT humidity
temp5	degC	DS18B20 temperature
temp_ntc	degC	NTC temperature (when ntc=1)
an0	0-1023	Analog input
pwm12,13	0-255	PWM changed
pid_out	float	PID calculation result
rele14,16	0/1	Relay changed
somfy11	0-255	Blind target changed
shut15	0-255	Shutter target changed
reset	reason	Watchdog or button reset
ip	IP address	On request
mac	MAC address	On request
memory	bytes free	On request
info	device info	On request

---

Common Use Cases

1. Simple Relay Control

# Turn on relay (D5)
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/rele14' -m 'ON'

# Turn off
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/rele14' -m 'OFF'

# State persists across reboot if enabled:
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/state' -m '1'

2. LED Dimming (PWM)

# D6 to 50%
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/pwm12' -m '128'

# D7 to 100%
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/pwm13' -m '255'

# Off
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/pwm12' -m '0'

Smooth fade over ~2.3 seconds

3. Somfy Blinds (Requires blinds=1)

# Enable blinds mode
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/blinds' -m '1'

# Set position (0-255 seconds)
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/somfy11' -m '30'   # 30s open
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/somfy11' -m '0'    # Close
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/somfy11' -m '128'  # Halfway

4. Roller Shutters (Requires shutters=1)

# Enable shutters mode
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/shutters' -m '1'

# Position 0-255 (seconds)
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/shut15' -m '100'  # Open
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/shut15' -m '0'    # Close

500ms pause between direction changes

5. Temperature Monitoring

# Enable periodic publishing
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/period' -m '1'

# Readings every ~6.6s (DHT) / ~7.7s (DS18B20)
# Adjust interval: gap=0 (fast) to gap=255 (~30 min)
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/gap' -m '10'  # ~1 min intervals

# Subscribe
mosquitto_sub -t 'livingroom/out/temp4' -v  # DHT temp
mosquitto_sub -t 'livingroom/out/hum4' -v   # DHT humidity
mosquitto_sub -t 'livingroom/out/temp5' -v  # DS18B20

6. Thermal Protection (Requires term=1/2/3, shutters=0)

# Enable anti-freeze / overheat
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/term' -m '1'   # DS18B20 (GPIO5)
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/term' -m '2'   # DHT22 (GPIO4)
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/term' -m '3'   # NTC 10k (A0, requires ntc=1)

# Relay 1 (D5): Heating ON < temp_min (default 11C), OFF > temp_min
# Relay 2 (D0): Cooling ON > temp_max (default 33C), OFF < temp_max
# Setpoints configurable:
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/min' -m '11'   # Antifreeze setpoint
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/max' -m '33'   # Overheat setpoint

7. Pulse Counting (Requires count=1)

# Enable counters on D3/D4
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/count' -m '1'

# Short press -> value0/value2 increments
# Long press (>1s) -> value1/value3 increments

# Set initial values
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/value0' -m '1000'

8. Physical Buttons

Button	Short Press	Long Press (>1s)
D3 (Flash)	/out/bt0 = 1	/out/bt0 = 2 + counter
D4	/out/bt2 = 1	/out/bt2 = 2 + counter
D6*	/out/bt12 = 1	/out/bt12 = 2 + counter
D7*	/out/bt13 = 1	/out/bt13 = 2 + counter
A0*	/out/bt17 = 1	/out/bt17 = 2

*Only in buttons=1 or sensor=0 mode

9. PID Temperature Control (Requires pid_mode=1..5)

# Enable PID using DS18B20 sensor (GPIO5)
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/pid_mode' -m '1'

# Set target temperature to 22C
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/pid_set' -m '22'

# Tune PID (Example: ku=15, tu=100s)
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/pid_ku' -m '15'
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/pid_tu' -m '100'

# Monitor output
mosquitto_sub -t 'livingroom/out/pid_out' -v

Controls D6 (Analog PWM 0-255) and D7 (Binary PWM 0/255 with 10s dead-band) based on temperature error.

---

Web Interface

Open http://<device_ip>/ in browser when http=1

Shows:

• Network info (IP, MAC, MQTT server)
• All GPIO status and MQTT topics
• All EEPROM settings with current values
• Full command reference

---

Factory Reset (No Tools Needed)

1. Power on device
2. Hold D3 (Flash) + D4 buttons together:
   • 20 seconds -> Reset to default WiFi (hjhome/pass1234)
   • 30 seconds (from default) -> Enable AP mode (ESP8266_hjhome)
3. Device reboots automatically

---

Sensor Simulation (Testing)

Inject fake sensor values without hardware:

# DHT temperature
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/_tmp4' -m '25'

# DHT humidity
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/_hum4' -m '60'

# DS18B20 temperature
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/_temp5' -m '22'

Published back on /out/tmp4, /out/hum4, /out/temp5

NTC Resistor (10k, A0)

10k NTC thermistor with pull-down resistor on A0:

# Enable NTC mode
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/ntc' -m '1'

# Use with thermal protection (term=3)
mosquitto_pub -t 'livingroom/in/term' -m '3'

# Read temperature (when sensor=1)
mosquitto_sub -t 'livingroom/out/temp_ntc' -v

Range: ~15-35°C. Formula: 25.0 + (512.0 - an) * 0.085

---

Persistent Settings

All settings saved to EEPROM automatically. Survives power loss.

Setting	EEPROM	Survives Reboot
Name, SSID, Pass, MQTT	80-99, 200-239, 50-53	Yes
Modes (blinds, term, etc.)	100-112	Yes
PWM values (12,13)	12, 13	Only if state=1
Relay states (14,16)	14, 16	Only if state=1
Somfy position (11)	11	Yes
Shutter position (15)	15	Yes
Pulse counters (0-3)	60-79	Yes

---

Troubleshooting

Problem	Solution
Won't connect to WiFi	Check SSID/password, signal > -70dBm, try AP mode
MQTT not connecting	Verify broker IP, port 1883, check firewall
Relay not switching	Check revers setting, verify wiring, check term/shutters mode
PWM not working	Ensure blinds=0 and buttons=0
Buttons not responding	Check mode: buttons=1 for D6/D7, sensor=0 for A0
Device keeps resetting	Check free heap (/out/memory), power supply stability
AP mode not working	Marked TODO in firmware - use STA mode instead

---

Safety Notes

• GPIO15 (D8) must NOT be pulled HIGH at boot (prevents boot)
• GPIO0 (D3) and GPIO2 (D4) LOW at boot = flash mode
• Analog A0 max 1V input - use voltage divider for 3.3V/5V sensors
• DS18B20 needs 4.7k pullup on data line
• DHT22 needs 10k pullup on data line
• Relay modules: verify opto-isolation, don't exceed ESP8266 current limits

---

License

GPLv3 - Copyright (C) 2016 [email protected] Project: https://launchpad.net/hjhome